GRANT
journal
ISSN 1805-062X, 1805-0638 (online), ETTN 072-11-00002-09-4
EUROPEAN GRANT PROJECTS | RESULTS | RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT | SCIENCE
by which the emotional engagement of the stimulus was evaluated
for each of the five phases of sensory action. A value of 10 meant
the most intense emotional effect. This range was chosen so that the
respondent could not mark the straight centre of the scale and thus
choose a neutral position and attitude to the current phase of the
experiment. Thus, the respondent evaluated the olfactory, then the
taste, auditory, tactile and visual pleasantness of the tested tea,
always immediately after the sensory action (see Table 2).
2.2
Data collection and survey results
In the second part of the survey, which took place only after the end
of the collection of neuromarketing data, the so-called sequence
scales were used, in which the cards were presented on the table.
One human sense was written on each card and the cards were
arranged according to the individual phases of the laboratory
experiment - smell, taste, hearing, touch, sight. The respondent's
task was to sort the individual human senses in descending order,
according to their intensity, and how the individual sensory stimuli
affected him more on the contrary less. The sequence scale in the
form of printed cards was chosen for a simple reason, for the sake of
clarity. Namely, when the respondent sees the cards with the
individual senses, he is more likely to remember what he felt or saw
when using each of the senses, than if we only ask him verbally.
When evaluating the data, a value from 1 to 5 was assigned to each
sense (5 = most emotionally impressive), according to the order
determined by the individual respondents. For example, if a
respondent identified olfactory as the sense that impressed him the
most, he was assigned the number 5, for a better comparison with
the first part of the survey, where the dominant result had the
highest result. These columns were then evaluated for both parts of
the survey using the mode, median and average functions. The
results from both phases of the survey are shown in Table 3.
Table 3: Survey results
Senses
Rating scale - first part
Sequence scale - after the
measurement
Average
Mode
Median
Average
Mode
Median
Smell
7,7
7
8
3,8
4
4
Taste
6,8
7
7
4
3
4
Hearing
5,8
5
5,5
2,1
1
1
Touch
7,4
10
8
2,1
2
2
Sight
7,8
7
8
2,6
2
2,5
From the table above, it is possible to read, by comparing the
individual functions, which sense was emotionally most impressive
when evaluating the individual scales. The table shows data from
both, the first part of the survey (10-point scale), which took place
during neuromarketing data collection, and it contains data from the
final survey (5-point scale). The data shown in Table 3 show that
taste and smell were identified as the most emotionally impressive
senses in the subsequent questioning without the presence of the
tested product. However, from the survey carried out during the
operation of the product, sight, smell and touch were identified as
the most impressive sense. The difference in order and evaluation
may be affected by the effect of rationality in the second, subsequent
phase of the questionnaire, which no longer took place immediately
after the effect of the product. It is thus clear that the evaluation of
the product is influenced by rationality and the resulting evaluation
may differ from the immediate reactions.
During the monitoring of physiological functions, 1 152 216
statistically processable data were collected, and this information
was processed using the SPSS Statistica program. Initially, before
all data processing, all data was exported from BioTrace + software
to SPSS Statistica. It was chosen because of the huge number of
features it offers, which made the data processing process easier and
saved a lot of time. In the case of EEG data processing, the values of
brain waves SMR and beta representing the level of attention of the
respondent and brain wave gamma presenting emotional
manifestations were merged (ROSENLACHER, TICHÝ and
TOMČÍK, 2016). In general, however, during data processing, the
value of the respondent's rest state was first determined by
monitoring up to the last 3 seconds of the time-lapse image of the
sky, where the greatest calming was expected since the image was
started. These quiescent values were compared separately for each
respondent with their measured data from the course of tea testing.
Thanks to this, it was possible to determine by what percentage the
physiological reactions of the respondents changed during the
sensory action of tea compared to their resting state. The table below
shows the average values for all respondents.
Table 4: Questioning results
Senses
GSR
TEMP
EEG
BVP
Data
average
attention
emotion
Smell
117 %
90 %
55 %
44 %
109 %
83%
Taste
114 %
89 %
43 %
38 %
100 %
77%
Hearing
109 %
89 %
54 %
45 %
95 %
79%
Touch
113 %
89 %
50 %
41 %
99 %
78%
Sight
119 %
89 %
83 %
77 %
98 %
93%
From the data given in Table 4 it is evident that the highest
difference compared to the resting values shows the sight (93%
average for all measured parameters) and then the sense of smell.
This may be due to the fact that sight is generally one of the most
important sensory organs, through which one receives most of the
information from the environment. Smell is considered to be one of
the sensory organs that has great potential to arouse emotions
(LANGMEIER, 2009). Furthermore, the data also show that the
monitoring of skin surface temperature does not show significant
changes, even though it was measured with an accuracy of a
thousandth of a degree Celsius and its contribution in this
neuromarketing survey can be discussed. The data measured by
means of a neuromarketing survey thus follow the data obtained
from the immediate questioning of the respondents immediately
after the sensory action, in which sight and smell were considered to
be very important senses. The difference in evaluation in the second
phase of the survey could therefore be influenced by rationality.
3.
CONCLUSION
The survey found/confirmed that the dominant sense is sight,
through this sense it is possible to obtain 80 to 90 % of information
from the external environment. Another less dominant sense is
smell, given that it is the most sensitive sensory organ, and also that
stimuli that are received through olfactory receptors travel directly
into the emotional experience of a person. The other senses do not
have a clear order.
The experiment looked at the extent to which sensory information
about a product is received in the subconscious. The survey shows
that a person is aware of some brain processes and some are not. For
example, in the case of sight and smell, one consciously receives
information. This results from the fact that both in questioning and
in the experiment, these two senses were more dominant than the
others. For the other senses, the result is not so clear-cut. I think that
the order of the individual senses is also influenced by the kind of
stimulus that activates the individual senses. The survey also shows
that the order of the senses is influenced by the time that elapses
since the activation of the individual senses and the questioning. The
longer the time, the more the order of the individual senses differs
according to the respondent's decision from the brain reaction and
physiological reactions.
Vol. 9, Issue 1
79