GRANT
journal
ISSN 1805-062X, 1805-0638 (online), ETTN 072-11-00002-09-4
EUROPEAN GRANT PROJECTS | RESULTS | RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT | SCIENCE
Educational Training of Future Diplomats with a Focus on the
Development of Intercultural Competences in the Context of Intercultural
Communication
Martina Benčeková
1
1
Fakulta politických vied a medzinárodnýcz vzťahov, Univerzita Mateja Bela; Kuzmányho 1, 97401 Banská Bystrica, Slovenská republika;
martina.bencekova@umb.sk
Grant: VEGA project no. 1/0437/19
Název grantu:
The importance of the internationalization of higher education for the construction of the identity of the European Union and
increasing competitiveness in the European area
Obor
ové zaměření: AI - Jazykoveda
© GRANT Journal, MAGNANIMITAS Assn.
Abstract Intercultural communication is considered to be a form of
communication that helps members of other cultures to understand
the multicultural environment. In the age of globalization,
emphasizing the importance of intercultural communication is
extremely important. Understanding other cultures also applies to
workers in international relations and diplomacy. Diplomats often
come into contact not only with other diplomats who are prepared
for cultural differences, but also with ordinary people, so cultural
competencies can help them communicate. Intercultural
communication does not only mean cultural understanding, it
includes behavior in intercultural situations and understanding the
differences in opinions, behaviors, values or habits of members of
other communities. Its position and importance in the process of
educational training of future diplomats is therefore irreplaceable.
Key words diplomat, culture, education, intercultural competences,
communication
1.
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN
DIPLOMATIC PRACTICE - DEFINITION OF
BASIC TERMS
In connection with the current trend of interdisciplinarity in the
current scientific environment, many aspects of research in
individual fields are intertwined. It is not possible to examine an
individual issue without a link to other phenomena that are closely
related to it. From this point of view, one also looks at the language,
which is no longer understood only as a summary of grammatical,
stylistic or lexical components, but above all as a flexible tool of
communication, influenced by users, environment and specific
situation. These pragmatic aspects also determine the education and
active use of a foreign language. Under the influence of current
global phenomena - migration, removal of cultural and linguistic
barriers, or geopolitical borders, the environment is also examined
in the environment of international relations and diplomacy in terms
of intercultural communication. Related to this is the use of
language not only as a mediator of information, but mainly as a
bearer of cultural, historical, social and geographical connotations.
The environment of international relations and diplomacy reflects
the changing conditions of operation, related in particular to
advancing globalization, technological progress, but also to negative
phenomena in the international environment, such as fears of
terrorism. As J. Stier puts it, it seems essential that future
generations, if they want to function in a global world, understand
the value of intercultural competences and seek to seek knowledge
and experience outside their homeland. (Stier, 2003) Many experts
agree that traditional diplomacy is gradually being replaced by
"reciprocity" diplomacy. Mr Nye emphasizes that diplomacy was
substantially changed by the end of the Cold War, economic
globalization and the technological revolution, and that the "hard
power" of military force should therefore be replaced by "soft
power", represented by the ability to communicate effectively and
use multilateral institutions. (Nye, 1990) Helena K. Finn argues that
instead of military force, "dialogue is necessary to win the hearts
and minds of moderate elements in societies vulnerable to
radicalism." (Finn, 2003, p. 20) The prerequisite for successful
operation in diplomatic practice in such changed conditions requires
not only professional preparation, but also excellent knowledge of a
foreign language, together with knowledge of the culture, history,
traditions or specifics of its users. This results in the irreplaceable
position of intercultural communication in the process of education
(not only) of future diplomats.
1.1
Communication
From the point of view of examining language as a mediator of
communication
1
1
Communication as a transfer of information between at least two participants
, the pragmatic aspect is very important - that is, the
analysis of the situation in which the process of communication
takes place. In the field of diplomacy, communication plays a key
role, as it conveys information through a communication channel in
a certain communication situation. The current environment of
international relations is changing, also in connection with the
opening of borders or increasing migration. Despite advancing
globalization, in today's world of diplomacy, any communication
requires a broad knowledge of other cultures and their traditions,
customs, so we can characterize it as intercultural communication.
The phenomenon of intercultural communication is increasingly
becoming part of scientific fields such as international relations,
linguistics, sociology and psychology. In line with the current trend
Vol. 9, Issue 1
6